Chemical Description

The chemical structure of organochlorines is diverse but they all contain chlorine, which paces them in a larger class of compounds called [chorinated hydrocarbons].

Notable Organochlorines

• DDT
• Chlordane
• Dioxin
• Heptachlor

Alternatives

There are a number of alternatives to organochlorines:

• Integrated Pest Management present a series of steps to rid pests while not exposing the environment or humans to additional stress.

External Links

• European Union - Chemical and Pesticide Information . (accessed: 4 April 2003).
• World Health Organization - WHO Pesticide Evaluation Scheme (WHOPES)\ .
• International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS).
• U.S. National Library of Medicine's (NLM) Enviro-Health Links - Pesticide Exposure .
• USDA - National Agricultural Statistics Service - Agricultural Chemical Use
• Ontario College of Family Physicians Pesticides Paper
• Health Canada - Pesticide Information
• U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) - Office of Pesticides Programs (OPP).
• U.S. Geological Survey - National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program
• California Department of Pesticide Regulation
• En espanol (Spanish Language) - Almacenar y Desechar - Pesticidas: Regulación de Pesticidas - (Storage and Disposal of Pesticides) - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
• Washington State University - Pesticide Education Program: education with an emphasis on personal safety, environmental protection, and effective integrated pest management.
• Scorecard
• Food News
• Pesticide Action Network North America (PANNA).
• Pesticide Action Network International (PANI)
• Pesticide Database site
• National Pesticide Telecommunications Network (NPTN).
• Beyond Pesticides
• EXTOXNET InfoBase Online.
• [Washington Toxics Coalition (WTC).]
• The Northwest Coalition for Alternatives to Pesticides (NCAP)
• Monsanto Company

References

Gilbert, Steven. A Small Dose of Toxicology. (CRC Press, 2004.)

Kamel F and Hoppin JA. Association of pesticide exposure with neurologic dysfunction and disease. Environ Health Perspect. 2004 Jun;112(9):950-8. Available online at EHPonline. (accessed: 30 June 2004).

MMWR (1999). Farm worker illness following exposure to carbofuran and other pesticides - Fresno County, California, 1998. February 19, 1999, 48(6), 113-116. (accessed: 5 July 2003).
Dean, S. R., & Meola, R. W. (2002). Effect of diet composition on weight gain, sperm transfer, and insemination in the cat flea (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae). J Med Entomol, 39(2), 370-375.

Dryden, M. W., & Gaafar, S. M. (1991). Blood consumption by the cat flea, Ctenocephalides felis (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae)