Corexit 9500

updated Aug 18, 2011 by Nick Thorp

This oil dispersant product page contains information about the potential effects of the chemicals found in the product on human health and the marine environment. Also included is information from the EPA Product Schedule on the toxicity of this product to two aquatic organisms and its effectiveness at dispersing two types of oil

Return to the Oil Dispersant Homepage

Return to the List of Chemicals

Download the Corexit 9500 application documents submitted to the EPA

Toxicity Research

Chemical	Potential Human Health Impacts	Potential Marine Environment Impacts
Sorbitan, mono-(9Z)-9-octadecenoate CAS#- 1338-43-8	• Occupational exposure has been recorded to cause contact eczema in one case (HSDB) ANIMAL STUDIES • Rats fed varying amounts of this compound over a span of 16 weeks experienced liver enlargement and increased kidney weight. (EPA) • The lowest observed adverse effect level (LOAEL) occurred when rats were eating this compound at a rate of 2.5% of their body weight. (EPA) • In tests, rats fed this compound did not experience mortality. Observed effects included depression, decreased respiration, diarrhea for first 72 hours.(EPA) • Reported to be practically nontoxic (HSDB)	• Recorded biodegradation of 62% in 28 days. (HSDB) ANIMAL STUDIES • Aquatic vertebrates, in this particular study, rainbow trout, experienced a 0% mortality rate after a 4 day exposure to a concentration of 1000mg/liter of water. (EPA)
Sorbitan, mono - (9Z) - 9 - octadecenoate, poly(oxy - 1,2 - ethanediyl) derivs. CAS#- 9005-65-6	• Exposure may cause chemical pneumonitis (inflammation of lungs and difficulty breathing) and intestinal obstruction (NOAA) • Possible eye, skin, and respiratory tract irritant (HSDB) • Listed as practically non-toxic (HSDB) • Occasional reports of hypersensitivity (HSDB) ANIMAL STUDIES • Adverse reproductive effects have occurred in experimental animals (MSDS) • Effects on development of embryo and fetus have occurred in experimental animals (MSDS)	...
Sorbitan, tri-(9Z)-9-octadecenoate, poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl) derivs CAS#- 9005-70-3	• Slightly hazardous in case of ingestion or inhalation (MSDS)	...
Butanedioic acid, sulfo-, 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester, sodium salt CAS#- 577-11-7	• Listed as a suspected neurotoxicant (EDF) • Toxic to blood (MSDS) • Classified as moderately toxic. (HSDB) • Liquid is strong irritant to eye and may irritate skin by removing natural oils. (NOAA) • Ingestion causes diarrhea and intestinal bloating. (NOAA) ANIMAL STUDIES • Oral exposure caused these effects in rats: low body weight (of adults), decreases in maternal weight gain, low birth weight of pups, and malformed fetuses. • Severely damaging to rabbit eyes at 10% concentration. (HSDB) • Mice and rats repeatedly exposed to butanedioic acid showed gastrointestinal problems, reduced weight gain, and death at certain doses. Dogs did not experience any adverse effects from repeated exposure. (toxipedia) •Exposure to the skin has caused these effects in rabbits: erythema, edema, premature skin death, irritation, and coarse skin. (toxipedia) • High doses from oral exposure have caused these effects in mice and rats: depression, diarrhea, lethargy, irritation and hemorrhage of the gastrointestinal tract, and death. (toxipedia)	• Possibility of absorbing to sediment (HSDB) • Slight acute toxicity to fish (PANNA) ANIMAL STUDIES • In tests, fish experienced a 50% or higher mortality rate when concentrations of butanedioic acid, 2-sulfo-, 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester, sodium salt were between 28-37mg/liter of water after 4 complete days of exposure. (EPA) • In tests, 50% or more aquatic invertebrates experienced negative effects from a 2-day exposure to a concentration of 36.2mg/liter of water. (EPA) • Slightly toxic to bluegill sunfish (EPA) • In tests, rainbow trout died at levels of 40-80mg/L (EPA) • In tests, rainbow trout died within 1 hour of exposure to 50-100 ppm (EPA)
2 - Propanol, 1 -(2 - butoxy - 1 - methylethoxy) - CAS#- 29911-28-2	• Listed it as a suspected neurotoxicant. (EDF) • Prolonged exposure to skin may cause drying of the skin, leading to dermatitis (MSDS) • Slightly irritating to eyes	ANIMAL STUDIES • In tests, fish experienced a 50% mortality rate in concentrations of 841 mg/liter of water for 4 days (IUCLID) • Aquatic invertebrates did not experience any effects after exposure to a concentration of 1000mg/liter of water for 2 days (IUCLID)
Distillates (petroleum), hydrotreated light CAS#- 64742-47-8	• Confirmed animal carcinogen with unknown relevance to humans (MSDS1) • Prolonged inhalation of high cooncentrations may damage respiratory system (MSDS2) • Frequent and prolonged skin contact may cause dermatitis (MSDS2) • Exposure by inhalation can cause dizziness, headache, nausea, drowsiness, and unconsciousness (NIOSH) • Exposure to the skin can cause dryness. (NIOSH) • Exposure to the eyes can cause redness (NIOSH) ANIMAL STUDIES • After oral ingestion, rats: lost weight and hair (p. 3), exhibited high platelet counts (p. 4), changes in serum chemistry (p. 4); increased kidney, liver, adrenal and testes size and chemistry (pp. 4-5 (EPA HS)	• Listed as harmful to aquatic organisms (NIOSH) • Moderate acute toxicity to fish (PANNA)

Toxicity Studies

Test Mixture	96 hr. LC50 M. beryllina (estuary fish)	48 hour LC50 M. bahia (shrimp)
COREXIT 9500	25.2 ppm	32.23 ppm
No. 2 Fuel Oil	10.72 ppm	16.12 ppm
COREXIT 9500 and No. 2 Fuel Oil	2.61 ppm	3.40 ppm

LC50= Lethal concentration of a chemical or mixture that kills 50% of a sample population
ppm= Parts per million

Effectiveness of Product at Dispersing Oil

Type of Oil	Efficacy
Prudhoe Bay Crude	45.30%
S. Louisiana Crude	54.70%

References

Toxicity Research

*This oil dispersant product page contains information about the potential effects of the chemicals found in the product on human health and the marine environment.  Also included is information from the EPA Product Schedule on the toxicity of this product to two aquatic organisms and its effectiveness at dispersing two types of oil*

[Return to the Oil Dispersant Homepage|Oil Dispersant]

[Return to the List of Chemicals|Potential Effects of Oil Dispersant Chemicals on Human Health and the Aquatic Environment]

[Download the Corexit 9500 application documents submitted to the EPA|^Corexit 9500 Application.pdf]

h3. Toxicity Research

|| Chemical || Potential Human Health Impacts || Potential Marine Environment Impacts ||
| [Sorbitan, mono-(9Z)-9-octadecenoate]\\
*&nbsp;* \\
*CAS#\- 1338-43-8* \\ | • Occupational exposure has been recorded to cause contact eczema in one case (HSDB) \\  \\  \\
*{+}ANIMAL STUDIES{+}* \\
• Rats fed varying amounts of this compound over a span of 16 weeks experienced \\
liver enlargement and increased kidney weight. (EPA) \\
• The lowest observed adverse effect level (LOAEL) occurred when rats   were eating this compound at a rate of 2.5% of their body weight. (EPA) \\
• In tests, rats fed this compound did not experience mortality.   Observed effects included depression, decreased respiration, diarrhea   for first 72 hours.(EPA) \\
• Reported to be practically nontoxic (HSDB) | • Recorded biodegradation of 62% in 28 days. (HSDB) \\  \\
*{+}ANIMAL STUDIES{+}* \\
• Aquatic vertebrates, in this particular study, rainbow trout,   experienced a 0% mortality rate after a 4 day exposure to a   concentration of 1000mg/liter of water. (EPA) \\  \\ |
| [Sorbitan, mono - (9Z) - 9 - octadecenoate, poly(oxy - 1,2 - ethanediyl) derivs.|Sorbitan, mono-(9Z)-9-octadecenoate, poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl) derivs.]\\
*&nbsp;* \\
*CAS#\- 9005-65-6* \\ | {color:#009900}*• Exposure may cause chemical pneumonitis (inflammation of lungs and difficulty breathing) and intestinal obstruction (NOAA)*{color} \\
\\  \\
• Possible eye, skin, and respiratory tract irritant (HSDB) \\
• Listed as practically non-toxic (HSDB) \\
• Occasional reports of hypersensitivity (HSDB) \\  \\
*{+}ANIMAL STUDIES{+}* \\  {color:#009900}*• Adverse reproductive effects have occurred in experimental animals (MSDS)*{color} \\  {color:#009900}*• Effects on development of embryo and fetus have occurred in experimental animals (MSDS)*{color}&nbsp; \\ | ... |
| [Sorbitan, tri-(9Z)-9-octadecenoate, poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl) derivs]\\
*&nbsp;* \\
*CAS#\- 9005-70-3* \\ | • Slightly hazardous in case of ingestion or inhalation (MSDS) | ... |
| [Butanedioic acid, sulfo-, 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester, sodium salt|Butanedioic acid]\\
\\
*CAS#\- 577-11-7* \\ | {color:#009900}*• Listed as a suspected neurotoxicant (EDF)*{color} \\  {color:#009900}*• Toxic to blood (MSDS)*{color}&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \\  {color:#009900}*• Classified as moderately toxic. (HSDB)*{color}&nbsp; \\
\\  \\
• Liquid is strong irritant to eye and may irritate skin by removing natural oils. (NOAA) \\
• Ingestion causes diarrhea and intestinal bloating. (NOAA) \\  \\  \\
*{+}ANIMAL STUDIES{+}*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \\
• Oral exposure caused these effects in rats: low body weight (of adults), decreases \\
in maternal weight gain, low birth weight of pups, and malformed fetuses. \\
• Severely damaging to rabbit eyes at 10% concentration. (HSDB) \\
• Mice and rats repeatedly exposed to butanedioic acid showed   gastrointestinal problems, reduced weight gain, and death at certain   doses. Dogs did not experience any adverse effects from repeated   exposure. (toxipedia) \\
•Exposure to the skin has caused these effects in rabbits: erythema,   edema, premature skin death, irritation, and coarse skin. (toxipedia) \\
• High doses from oral exposure have caused these effects in mice and   rats: depression, diarrhea, lethargy, irritation and hemorrhage of the   gastrointestinal tract, and death. (toxipedia) | {color:#3399ff}*• Possibility of absorbing to sediment (HSDB)*{color} \\  {color:#3399ff}*• Slight acute toxicity to fish (PANNA)*{color}\\  \\
*{+}ANIMAL STUDIES{+}* \\
• In tests, fish experienced a 50% or higher mortality rate when   concentrations of butanedioic acid, 2-sulfo-, 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl)   ester, sodium salt were between 28-37mg/liter of water after 4 complete   days of exposure. (EPA) \\
• In tests, 50% or more aquatic invertebrates experienced negative   effects from a 2-day exposure to a concentration of 36.2mg/liter of   water. (EPA) \\
• Slightly toxic to bluegill sunfish (EPA) \\
• In tests, rainbow trout died at levels of 40-80mg/L (EPA) \\
• In tests, rainbow trout died within 1 hour of exposure to 50-100 ppm (EPA) \\  \\ |
| [2 - Propanol, 1 -(2 - butoxy - 1 - methylethoxy) -]\\
*&nbsp;* \\
*CAS#\- 29911-28-2* \\ | {color:#009900}*• Listed it as a suspected neurotoxicant. (EDF)*{color}\\
\\  \\
• Prolonged exposure to skin may cause drying of the skin, leading to dermatitis (MSDS) \\
• Slightly irritating to eyes | *{+}ANIMAL STUDIES{+}* \\
• In tests, fish experienced a 50% mortality rate in concentrations of \\
841 mg/liter of water for 4 days (IUCLID) \\
• Aquatic invertebrates did not experience any effects after exposure to   a concentration of 1000mg/liter of water for 2 days (IUCLID) |
| [Distillates (petroleum), hydrotreated light|Distillates (petroleum), hydrotreated light]\\
*&nbsp;* \\
*CAS#\- 64742-47-8* \\ | {color:#009900}*• Confirmed animal carcinogen with unknown relevance to humans (MSDS1)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*{color} \\  {color:#009900}*• Prolonged inhalation of high cooncentrations may damage respiratory system (MSDS2)*{color}\\
\\  \\  {color:#000000}• Frequent and prolonged skin contact may cause dermatitis (MSDS2){color} \\
• Exposure by inhalation can cause dizziness, headache, nausea, drowsiness, and unconsciousness (NIOSH) \\
• Exposure to the skin can cause dryness. (NIOSH) \\
• Exposure to the eyes can cause redness (NIOSH) \\  \\  \\
*{+}ANIMAL STUDIES{+}{*}*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;* \\
• After oral ingestion, rats: lost weight and hair (p. 3), exhibited   high platelet counts (p. 4), changes in serum chemistry (p. 4);   increased kidney, liver, adrenal and testes size and chemistry (pp. 4-5   (EPA HS) | {color:#3399ff}*• Listed as harmful to aquatic organisms (NIOSH)*{color} \\  {color:#3399ff}*• Moderate acute toxicity to fish (PANNA)*{color} |
\\
\\

h3. Toxicity Studies

|| Test Mixture || 96 hr. LC50 M. beryllina (estuary fish) || 48 hour LC50 M. bahia (shrimp) ||
| COREXIT 9500 | 25.2 ppm | 32.23 ppm |
| No. 2 Fuel Oil | 10.72 ppm | 16.12 ppm |
| COREXIT 9500 and No. 2 Fuel Oil | 2.61 ppm | 3.40 ppm |
*LC50*= Lethal concentration of a chemical or mixture that kills 50% of a sample population
*ppm*= Parts per million
\\
\\

h3. Effectiveness of Product at Dispersing Oil

|| Type of Oil || Efficacy ||
| Prudhoe Bay Crude | 45.30% |
| S. Louisiana Crude | 54.70% |

h3. References


----
h4. Toxicity Research


h5. Sorbitan, mono-(9Z)-9-octadecenoate

HSDB\- [http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/sis/search/f?./temp/~BRccvA:1]
EPA\- [http://iaspub.epa.gov/oppthpv/quicksearch.display?pChem=101126]"

h5. Sorbitan, mono-(9Z)-9-octadecenoate, poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl) derivs.

NOAA\- [http://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/chemical/20939]
HSDB\- [http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/sis/search/f?./temp/~QeobaP:1]
MSDS\- [http://fscimage.fishersci.com/msds/40200.htm]

h5. Sorbitan, tri-(9Z)-9-octadecenoate, poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl) derivs.

MSDS\- [http://www.sciencelab.com/msds.php?msdsId=9926646]

h5. Butanedioic acid, sulfo-, 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester, sodium salt

NOAA\- [http://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/chemical/8582]
EDF\- [http://scorecard.goodguide.com/chemical-profiles/summary.tcl?edf_substance_id=577-11-7]
EPA\- [http://iaspub.epa.gov/oppthpv/Public_Search.PublicTabs?SECTION=1&epcount=3&v_rs_list=25094016,25093427,25093439]
MSDS\- [http://www.sciencelab.com/msds.php?msdsId=9923877]
PANNA\- [http://www.pesticideinfo.org/Detail_Chemical.jsp?Rec_Id=PC33310]

h5. 2-Propanol, 1-(2-butoxy-1-methylethoxy)\-

IUCLID\- [http://ecb.jrc.ec.europa.eu/iuclid-datasheet/29911282.pdf]
EDF\- [http://scorecard.goodguide.com/chemical-profiles/summary.tcl?edf_substance_id=29911-28-2]
MSDS\- [http://megaloid.ca/MSDS/Glycol%20Ether%20DPnB.pdf]

h5. Distillates (petroleum), hydrotreated light

NIOSH\- [http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ipcsneng/neng1379.html]
PANNA\- [http://www.pesticideinfo.org/Detail_Chemical.jsp?Rec_Id=PC33064]
MSDS1- http://fscimage.fishersci.com/msds/89683.htm
MSDS2- http://www.chemcas.com/msds_archive/part2/cas/gm_msds/metprep_co_uk---oillub.asp
\\

h4. Toxicity Studies and Effectiveness of Product at Dispersing Oil

[COREXIT 9500 Product Schedule|http://www.epa.gov/oem/content/ncp/products/corex950.htm]

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Corexit 9500

Toxicity Research

Toxicity Studies

Effectiveness of Product at Dispersing Oil

References

Toxicity Research

Sorbitan, mono-(9Z)-9-octadecenoate

Sorbitan, mono-(9Z)-9-octadecenoate, poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl) derivs.

Sorbitan, tri-(9Z)-9-octadecenoate, poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl) derivs.

Butanedioic acid, sulfo-, 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester, sodium salt

2-Propanol, 1-(2-butoxy-1-methylethoxy)-

Distillates (petroleum), hydrotreated light

Toxicity Studies and Effectiveness of Product at Dispersing Oil

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